"The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" Questions

                     

1. On the fourth paragraph, he said the event happened in '49 or '50. Does this story take place in the 19th or 20th century?
2. What is the gender of the narrator?
3. What is a "bull pup?"
4. Why was Jim Smiley naming different animals that could be in his box when talking to the man?
5. What is quail shot?
6. Why would Mark Twain write this story?